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Tyne Cot Commonwealth War Graves Cemetery and Memorial to the Missing is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) burial ground for the dead of the First World War in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front. The cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war. It is the largest cemetery for Commonwealth forces in the world, for any war. The cemetery and its surrounding memorial are located outside of Passendale, near Zonnebeke in Belgium. The name "Tyne Cot" is said to come from the Northumberland Fusiliers seeing a resemblance between the German concrete pill boxes, which still stand in the middle of the cemetery, and typical Tyneside workers' cottages – Tyne Cots.〔Holt, T and V ''Major and Mrs Holt's Battlefield Guide to the Ypres Salient'' Barnsley:2003 Leo Cooper Pen and Sword ISBN 0-85052-551-9; p. 78〕 ==Tyne Cot Commonwealth War Graves Cemetery== The cemetery lies on a broad rise in the landscape which overlooks the surrounding countryside. As such, it was strategically important to both sides fighting in the area. The area was captured by the 3rd Australian Division and the New Zealand Division, on 4 October 1917 and two days later a cemetery for British and Canadian war dead was begun. The cemetery was recaptured by German forces on 13 April 1918 and was finally liberated by Belgian forces on 28 September.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.cwgc.org/search/cemetery_details.aspx?cemetery=53300&mode=1 )〕 After the Armistice in November 1918, the cemetery was greatly enlarged from its original 343 graves〔 by concentrating graves from the battlefields, smaller cemeteries nearby and from Langemark.〔 The Cross of Sacrifice that marks many CWGC cemeteries was built on top of a German pill box in the centre of the cemetery, purportedly at the suggestion of King George V, who visited the cemetery in 1922 as it neared completion.〔 The King's visit, described in the poem The King's Pilgrimage, included a speech in which he said: The cemetery was designed by Sir Herbert Baker. The land on which the cemetery stands is the free gift in perpetuity of the Belgian people to those who are honoured here.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Tyne Cot British Military Cemetery )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tyne Cot」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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